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Word Roots and Prefixes

Robert Harris 
Version Date: February 5, 2010 
Original: October 13, 1997

This list contains some of the common roots and prefixes that make up the building blocks of numerous English words. Following the table of general roots and prefixes is a table of number prefixes. 
 

How Words Work

Many words are made up of a root (or base word) and a prefix. Some words also have a suffix. For example, the root word port means to carry or to bear. Attach the prefixex, meaning out or out of, and you have the word export, to carry out. Attach the prefixim, meaning in or into and you have import, to carry in. Attach the prefix trans,meaning across, and you have transport, meaning to carry across. Now let's attach the suffix able, meaning able to be, and you have importable, exportable, andtransportable.

The very words prefix and suffix are good examples, too. Pre means before and fixmeans to fasten or attach, so quite literally, a prefix is something attached to the beginning of something else. Suf is a variant of sub, below or under, so a suffix is something fastened underneath something else (in this case, behind the root).